What does Deming suggest to build quality into the product?

Deming advocates for developing effective systems as a key approach to building quality into a product. His philosophy emphasizes that quality should not merely be assessed or checked at the end of the production process but should be integrated into every step of the manufacturing and service delivery processes. This means that the focus should be on optimizing the systems and processes that create the products, fostering an environment where quality is a built-in characteristic rather than a quality assurance task performed after the fact.

By focusing on developing effective systems, organizations can identify and eliminate sources of variation, improve workflow, and enhance collaboration among teams. This systemic approach leads to inherent quality improvements, resulting in better products and services that meet or exceed customer expectations. Deming’s teachings highlight that when systems are designed thoughtfully, they contribute to a sustainable model of continuous quality improvement.

The other choices—such as increasing workforce size, utilizing extensive testing, and implementing thorough inspection—address certain aspects of quality control but do not capture the holistic, proactive mindset that Deming emphasizes. Merely increasing workforce size or adding more layers of inspection does not address the root causes of quality issues and can lead to inefficiencies. Extensive testing can help catch errors but does not prevent them from occurring in the first place. Hence, developing effective systems